Ukraine

• Fighting corruption
• Law on staffing for the National Anti-Corruption Bureau
• Law regulating lobbying in line with European standards, as part of an anti-oligarch action plan
• Law addressing recommendations from the Venice Commission (an advisory body of the Council of Europe) in areas such as the language used by the state, media and education.

Moldova

Author: Jamie Shea, Senior Fellow for Peace, Security and Defence at Friends of Europe, and former Deputy Assistant Secretary General for Emerging Security Challenges at the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

1. Russia is producing about 250,000 artillery munitions per month, or about 3 million a year
2. Collectively, the US and Europe have the capacity to generate only about 1.2 million munitions annually to send to Kyiv.
3. Russia is currently firing around 10,000 shells a day, compared to just 2,000 a day from the Ukrainian side.
4. Russia is running artillery factories “24/7” on rotating 12-hour shifts. About 3.5 million Russians now work in the defense sector, up from somewhere between 2 and 2.5 million before the war.

1. The majority in the next European Parliament is likely to back a continuation of the type of financial, logistical, and military aid that Western states have been approving for Kyiv since February 2022. However, there will be a larger number of MEPs (particularly in ID and among the non-attached MEPs) who are more sympathetic towards Russia. Furthermore, support for Ukraine in the rest of the parliament might also soften as national parties start to respond to the changing opinions of their voters, expressed by their votes in the European Parliament elections.

• The 2024 European Parliament elections will see a major shift to the right in many countries, with populist radical right parties gaining votes and seats across the EU, and center-left and green parties losing votes and seats.
• Anti-European populists are likely to top the polls in nine member states (Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, and Slovakia) and come second or third in a further nine countries (Bulgaria, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Portugal, Romania, Spain, and Sweden).

People who undertake foreign interference activities may not be easily identifiable, and it may not be obvious they are acting on behalf of a foreign power.

These people seeking to conduct acts of foreign interference could attempt to create a sense of personal connection with, and obligation from, an individual which they can then use to coerce or influence decisions in their favor.

This is often done by engaging in activities to make targeted individuals feel a sense of obligation or indebtedness, such as providing:

In Russian discourse, NATO’s front – including its talk of “fair democracy” and “human rights” and unfounded accusations towards Russia – constitutes a smokescreen hiding its ulterior motive of geopolitical gains; the US “rhetoric of moral values” is “only on the surface. “Real facts are hushed up” and “accusations made to divert attention”. Conflict is created from nothing by “instrumentalizing” and “speculating” in universal values. To Russia, NATO’s values are fake, but its hostility is real.

NATO is resourced through the direct and indirect contributions of its members. NATO’s common funds are composed of direct contributions to collective budgets and programs, which equate to only 0.3% of total Allied defense spending (around EUR 3.3 billion for 2023). These funds enable NATO to deliver capabilities and run the entirety of the Organization and its military commands.

On February 8, 2024, the U.S. Supreme Court will oral arguments in Trump v. Anderson- one of the most important constitutional cases in the U.S. history and the highest-profile election-related case since Bush v. Gore in 2000. The case  is on appeal from the Colorado Supreme Court's 4-to-3 ruling on December 19, 2023.

There are 700,000 Israeli settlers living in the West Bank and, according to the international community, the presence of every one of them there is illegal. During the 1967 war, Israel captured the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan, the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt, and the Golan Heights from Syria. Soon after, it began establishing Israeli communities in those territories. Today, it retains control of East Jerusalem, the Golan Heights and the West Bank, and imposes a land and maritime siege on Gaza.