Groupe 1:  Statutory Lobbying Regulations (Mandatory Regulation)

Authors: José Caro John and Juan Diego Ugaz (Payet, Rey, Cauvi, Pérez Abogados)

Constitution: The basic source of law is the written Constitution of 1993. Owing to the guarantees given by the Constitution, the following activities are not considered to be lobbying:

Author: Maria Tranoudi, Bahas, Gramatidis & Partners

Constitution: The basic source of law is the Constitution and the generally recognised rules of international law, as well as international conventions as of the time they are ratified by statute. Lobbying is not regulated in Greece and, as such, no specific limitations or legislation exists for the activities of lobbyists.

Authors: John Cooper and Kieran Laird (Gowling WLG)

Constitution: The United Kingdom does not have a codified constitution. Rather, its constitutional arrangements are comprised in a set of statutes, judicial decisions, EU and international laws, principles and customary practices. These arrangements create the institutions of the state and regulate their interaction, both with each other and between themselves and citizens.

Purposes of the Act

Based on President-elect von der Leyen’s Mission Letters

1. Executive Vice-President for the European Green Deal (Frans Timmermans)

Mission

The Executive Vice-President has a dual function. He sets the strategic direction and chair the Commissioners’ Group on the European Green Deal. In addition, he is responsible for the climate action portfolio. In leading the work on the European Green Deal, he ensures all policy dimensions are fully taken into account.

Source: Transparency International

1. Bulgaria: Decline
2. Greece: Decline
3. Hungary: Improvement
4. Romania: Decline
5. Croatia: Decline
6. Slovakia: No sign or improvement or decline
7. Italy: Improvement
8. Malta: Decline
9. Spain: Small improvement
10. Latvia: No sign of improvement or decline
11. Lithuania: No sign of improvement or decline
12. Czech Republic: Improvement
13. Cyprus: Improvement

Lobbying Transparency (Scale 0-100) where 0 is the weakest and 100 us strongest

Authors: Jui-Hua Fan and Lucas (Lung-Kuan) Wang (Formosa Transnational Attorneys at Law)

President-elect Ursula von der Leyen 

The new College will have eight Vice-Presidents, including the High-Representative of the Union for Foreign Policy and Security Policy (Josep Borrell). The Vice-Presidents are responsible for the top priorities in the Political Guidelines.  

Three Executive Vice-Presidents will have a double function. They will be both Vice-President responsible for one of three core topics of the President-elect's agenda and Commissioners.

Authors : Natalia Malyarchuk and Yury Shikhov (Kesarev)

Constitution: The Kazakh Constitution guarantees the rights of citizens and organisations to access information and to interact with the government within the frameworks provided by the law (article 18, page 3 of the Constitution). However, it directly prohibits any interference of citizens and organisations in affairs of the state (article 5, page 2 of the Constitution).