RUSSIA'S ATTITUDE TOWARDS EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

Source: Levada Center. Survey conducted on 30.09.2020 among 1,600 people age 18 or older in 137 municipalities of 50 regions of the Russian Federation

Perceived closest friends or allies 

1. Belarus
2. Germany
3. Bulgaria
4. Georgia
5. Serbia
6. Italy
7. Greece
8. Moldova
9. Austria
10. Hungary
11. Poland
12. Finland
13. France
14. Czech Republic

Perceived unfriendly, hostile towards Russia

1. Ukraine
2. Latvia
3. Lithuania
4. Poland
5. Georgia
6. Germany
7. Estonia
8. France
9. Bulgaria
10. Netherlands
11. Italy
12. Romania
13. Belarus
14. Czech Republic
15. Hungary