INFLUENCE ACTIVITIES AND THE KREMLIN TOOL KIT

Russia has a multitude of capabilities and venues for political influence. Some of these assets are controlled by Russian intelligence or other state organs, while others share values or sympathize with Russia. Russia has a whole-of-government approach to influence and can employ the entire state apparatus for this purpose.

1. Agents of influence
2. Border disputes
3. Building new political alliances
4. Business
5. Commerce
6. Co-optation (co-opting business and political elites)
7. Corruption
8. Covert military force
9. Crime
10. Cultural diplomacy
11. Culture and governance
12. Cyber
13. Diaspora and compatriots
14. Diplomacy and public outreach
15. Disinformation
16. Economic interdependence
17. Economics and energy
18. Energy sector
19. Exploitation of division and vulnerabilities
20. Financing politicians
21. Fronts 
22. Influencing public opinion
23. Information and narrative warfare
24. Intelligence
25. Linguistic manipulation
26. Media
27. Media and public diplomacy
28. Military
29. Military force
30. Minorities
31. Money
32. Natural gas
33. Penetration
34. Political communication
35. Political conflict
36. PR and lobbying
37. Propaganda
38. Religion
39. Shell companies and shadow structures
40. Social and cultural dimensions
41. Social media
42. Soft power
43. Spies
44. State and public diplomacy
45. Sympathizing political parties and organizations
46. Trade
47. Undercover work
48. Undermining Western alliances
49. Use of civil society (including foundations, NGOs, academia, think tanks, and the Orthodox Church),
50. Wide range of alliances